Uncategorized WHY AVAILABLE BY PAYMENT INSTEAD OF AVAILABLE BY NEGOTIATION? By Mr Old Man Posted on October 11, 2013 4 min read 2 0 7,675 Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Google+ Share on Reddit Share on Pinterest Share on Linkedin Share on Tumblr QUESTION Dear Mr Old Man, I have a scenario here: Issuing bank is in Singapore Advising bank/ Confirming bank in Italy. Field 31D Date and place of expiry : 131215-SINGAPORE. Field 41A: Available With (Confirming bank) By NEGOTIATION Confirming bank requested to amend the following: Field 31D: 131215-Trieste. Field 41A: Available With (Confirming bank) By PAYMENT Can you explain what is the reason why confirming bank is requesting for such amendment? Would it put issuing bank for at any risks for such amendments ? Susan——– ANSWER Hi Susan, 1) Place of expiry should be also the place of availability It is practice that the place of expiry should be also the place of availability, i.e., the place where the documents are presented. Please also refer to SWIFT’s definition of Field 31D Date and Place of Expiry, which says this field specifies the latest date for presentation under the documentary credit and THE PLACE WHERE THE DOCUMENTS MAY BE PRESENTED. In your case, the credit is available with the confirming bank in Trieste (Italy), hence, the place of expiry should be Trieste or Italy. 2) Why available by payment instead of available by negotiation? As far as I know, Italy levies stamp duty (financial transaction tax) on some financial instruments like bills of exchange, cheques, promissory notes… As you know, a credit available by negotiation would require presentation of drafts (bills of exchange for negotiation, whereas a credit available by payment requires no drafts to be presented for payment. I think the fact that the confirming bank requests to amend the type of the credit (available by payment instead of available by negotiation) is to avoid stamp duty levied on bills of exchange. The amendment is for the sake of the confirming bank. However, there’s no potential risk to the issuing bank with regard to such an amendment. Kind regards,Mr. Old ManP/s: And here is a comment from my Italian friend Antonio Picchi: Antonio Picchi: Usually a credit confirmed by a bank must be available with such bank. Stamp duties are very high in Italy 0,09pct on the bill of Exchange value. Now negotiation of documents is permitted, so we do not use a draft anymore. I have an idea about negotiation and payment concerning may be macroeconomic,: negotiation-exporter gets the money but from its bank, so money is italian and goods are still in the hands of the Country, payment: exporter gets money from abroad , the goods are in the hands of the import Country. The difference is very very little.