Introduction When an applicant requests an amendment to increase the value of a documentary credit, banks often require supporting commercial documents to justify the amendment. But what if the beneficiary refuses to issue a revised proforma invoice or to indicate that the invoice has been revised? Is the issuing bank still able to process the amendment? The following Q&A discusses …

A transferable letter of credit allows the first beneficiary to transfer all or part of its rights under the credit to a second beneficiary. While UCP 600 permits certain terms of the transferred credit to be reduced or curtailed, not every provision may be changed. In this Q&A, a reader asks whether the deferred payment period in a transferred credit …

A bill of lading issued “to order” is commonly endorsed by the shipper after issuance to transfer title to the goods. But what happens if an endorsement is mistakenly made by the wrong party, then crossed out and replaced by the correct endorsement? Does such a change constitute a correction to the bill of lading requiring authentication under ISBP 821 …

Under UCP 600, the place where a credit is available is normally also the place for presentation. Accordingly, when a credit is available with the issuing bank, the expiry place would ordinarily be the issuing bank’s counter. But what happens when an LC is available with the issuing bank while the place of expiry is stated to be the beneficiary’s …

Letters of credit financed by international development institutions such as the World Bank (WB) are quite different from ordinary commercial LCs. They are often issued as non-operative credits and become operative only after the donor issues a separate payment or reimbursement commitment. The following question discusses one practical example. Question Dear Mr. Old Man, I have a question and would …

One of the less obvious issues under ISBP 821 concerns the consignee shown on a certificate of origin when the letter of credit requires a bill of lading to be issued or endorsed to the order of the issuing bank. Does it matter if the bill of lading is originally issued to the order of the beneficiary and only later …

A change in the identity of the beneficiary under a demand guarantee may arise not from a transfer of the guarantee, but from legal succession under the applicable law, such as inheritance or donation. In such cases, should the guarantor treat the change as a transfer under Article 33 of URDG 758, or simply amend the guarantee to acknowledge the …

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A reader raised an interesting follow-up question after my previous Q&A on contact names and addresses in letters of credit. If a document shows an address or contact name that differs from the credit, can it simply be regarded as additional information? Or does it become conflicting data that gives rise to a discrepancy? The distinction is subtle but important. …