Chào các bạn.
Hôm nay chúng ta tiếp tục eUCP với Điều e9 quy định về các bản gốc và các bản sao. Điều e9 quy định chỉ 1 câu như sau:
Bât kỳ yêu cầu xuất trình một hoặc nhiều bản gốc hoặc bản sao của một chứng từ điện tử được thỏa mãn bằng việc xuất trình một chứng từ điện tử.
eUCP không có khái niệm bản gốc, bản sao và phải xuất trình bao nhiêu bản, chỉ một chứng từ điện tử là đủ cho dù LC yêu cầu bao nhiêu bản gốc và bao nhiêu bản sao. Thành ra, những cụm từ thường gặp như “full set”, “copies”… không còn ý nghĩa.
Các bạn đọc nguyên văn Điều e9 và COMMENTARY để hiểu rõ thêm nhé!
Thân ái.
Mr. Old Man
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ARTICLE e9
ORIGINALS AND COPIES
Any requirement for presentation of one or more originals or copies of an electronic record is satisfied by the presentation of one electronic record.
CHANGES FROM eUCP VERSION 1.1
• Minor structural changes
COMMENTARY
Documentary credit practice pays particular attention to the originality of documents owing to the premise that originality is a source of assurance as to the legitimacy and validity of a document in a paper-based system. Issues have occasionally arisen under UCP 600 regarding whether or not documents are originals or copies and whether presentation of either or both is required. The notion of an original is intrinsically linked to the concept of paper.
The doctrine of uniqueness in an original document was addressed in an ICC Decision titled ‘The determination of an ‘Original’ document in the context of UCP 500 sub-Article 20 (b)’. This decision was used as the basis for the revision of UCP 500 sub-article 20 (b). UCP 600 subarticles 17 (b) and (c) reflect the incorporation of the essential positions of the Decision into UCP 600. UCP 600 only specifies that an original must be presented with respect to insurance documents in UCP 600 article 28 (Insurance Document and Coverage) and with respect to transport documents in UCP 600 article 19 (Transport Document Covering at Least Two Different Modes of Transport), article 20 (Bills of Lading), article 21 (Non-Negotiable Sea Waybill), article 22 (Charter Party Bill of Lading), and article 23 (Air Transport Document). Nevertheless, it is the expectation of the documentary credit community that every document presented will be an original unless otherwise provided in the terms and conditions of the credit.
eUCP article e9 facilitates the transition of these concepts into electronic presentations and interprets requirements for originals or copies when used with respect to electronic records. Within electronic commerce, the notion of originality has virtually no meaning.
PRESUMPTION OF ORIGINALITY
Considering that many underlying transactions still require originals, total elimination of the concept makes no sense and would only add confusion.
As such, article e9 has taken the route of functional equivalency, meaning that any requirement for an original is satisfied by the presentation of one electronic record.
FULL SET
As stated above, within electronic commerce, the notion of originality has virtually no meaning. The same consideration, for obvious reasons, applies to the concept of a full set of bills of lading. Within electronic commerce, such an approach is outmoded and archaic. Under eUCP article e9, any such requirement in an eUCP credit would be satisfied by the presentation of one required electronic record unless the credit expressly provided otherwise with sufficient specificity to indicate what was actually needed.
REQUIREMENT FOR COPIES
It is well known that the requirement in many credits for multiple copies of certain documents is not always necessary and may have no actual business rationale.
Should an eUCP credit include such a requirement, the condition will be fulfilled by presentation of one electronic record.
