(When one guarantee has two “parents”) INTRO Every now and then, a guarantee comes into this world with not one, but two proud parents — two counter-guarantors, each claiming their share of responsibility. Sounds like a happy family? Well, it can be… provided everyone knows exactly who pays what when the baby cries. That’s exactly the situation raised in this …

Intro In practice, some letters of credit carry dual confirmation — one by the confirming bank nominated by the issuing bank, and another by a local bank in the beneficiary’s country. While this arrangement may look like extra protection, it can also create confusion over reimbursement responsibilities if the chain of document presentation is broken.  The following case raises a …

________ In documentary collections, things don’t always go as planned. Sometimes the buyer initially refuses to pay under a Documents against Payment (D/P) collection, only to come back the next day ready to settle and collect the goods. But what if, by then, the collecting bank has already reported the buyer’s refusal and is waiting for the remitting bank’s instructions? …

In documentary credit practice, few phrases cause as much confusion as “all originals must be presented.” This Q&A looks at what happens when an insurance policy under LC says “3 originals issued” — and why missing even one can turn a clean presentation into a discrepancy. QUESTION Dear Mr. Old Man, We issued an LC with a condition that one …

Intro In international trade, it’s becoming increasingly common for exporters to restructure their transaction models through a “sister company” abroad — often to optimize payment flows or take advantage of tax and logistics benefits. However, when a Letter of Credit (LC) is involved, this change can create uncertainty for the bank in Vietnam: can it still examine and present the …

Intro In maritime transport, when a General Average (GA) situation occurs, the shipowner often requires cargo owners to contribute or advance a sum of money as security for their share of the loss. So, if a customer wishes to remit such a deposit through the bank, what documents must be collected to comply with foreign exchange regulations? The following question …

Intro  Trong vận tải biển, khi xảy ra “tổn thất chung” (General Average), chủ tàu thường yêu cầu các chủ hàng phải đóng góp hoặc tạm ứng một khoản tiền để bảo đảm phần trách nhiệm của mình. Vậy nếu khách hàng muốn chuyển khoản đặt cọc này qua ngân hàng, thì cần nộp những chứng từ gì để tuân …

Intro In today’s trade finance world, sanctions compliance has become a minefield. Banks may find themselves caught between UCP obligations on one side and sanctions laws on the other. A recently raised a thought-provoking question — what if the LC itself says nothing about sanctions, yet the documents reveal shipment from a sanctioned port or on a sanctioned vessel? Here’s …

Intro: Trong hoạt động xuất nhập khẩu, việc các doanh nghiệp tái cấu trúc mô hình giao dịch thông qua công ty “chị em” ở nước ngoài ngày càng phổ biến — đặc biệt khi muốn tối ưu hóa quy trình thanh toán hoặc tận dụng lợi thế về thuế và logistics. Tuy nhiên, khi liên quan đến thư tín …

Every now and then, banks receive strange emails promising “SBLC monetization” or “MT760 leasing deals.” They sound sophisticated, quoting SWIFT message types and big bank names—but in reality, these are well-known fraud patterns designed to lure banks or clients into sending confirmation messages that scammers later misuse. In this week’s Q&A, Ms. Woo asks about one such suspicious request. Let’s …